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TELECOM Digest Mon, 23 May 2005 17:30:00 EDT Volume 24 : Issue 228 Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson ACLU Pizza (Monty Solomon) Corporate Identify -- Verizon vs. "Bell Telephone" (GooJa@post.com) Packet 8 DTMF Tones Sound Clipped (slippymississippi) Wireless-Services Growth Slows in Europe, Japan (Telecom dailyLead USTA) Re: Thinking About VOIP (Tim@Backhome.org) Re: Thinking About VOIP (Lou Jahn) Re: Thinking About VOIP (Klay Anderson) Re: Switch Identification (Justin Time) Re: Switch Identification (Mike Cater) Re: Cingular / sms.ac Ripoff Alert (Steve Sobol) Re: Why Does it Take So Long? (mc) Re: Forward Fax to Email (Koos van den Hout) Re: Foreign Exchange (FX) Lines Still in Use? (Lisa Hancock) Re: Tie Lines was Re: Foreign Exchange Lines Still in Use? (L Hancock) Re: Cingular / sms.ac Ripoff Alert (NOTvalid@surplus4actors.INFO) Telecom and VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) Digest for the Internet. All contents here are copyrighted by Patrick Townson and the individual writers/correspondents. Articles may be used in other journals or newsgroups, provided the writer's name and the Digest are included in the fair use quote. By using -any name or email address- included herein for -any- reason other than responding to an article herein, you agree to pay a hundred dollars to the recipients of the email. =========================== Addresses herein are not to be added to any mailing list, nor to be sold or given away without explicit written consent. Chain letters, viruses, porn, spam, and miscellaneous junk are definitely unwelcome. We must fight spam for the same reason we fight crime: not because we are naive enough to believe that we will ever stamp it out, but because we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands against crime. Geoffrey Welsh =========================== See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details and the name of our lawyer; other stuff of interest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Sun, 22 May 2005 23:00:27 -0400 From: Monty Solomon <monty@roscom.com> Subject: ACLU Pizza http://www.aclu.org/pizza/ http://www.aclu.org/pizza/images/screen.swf ------------------------------ From: GooJa@post.com Subject: Corporate Identify -- Verizon vs. "Bell Telephone" Date: 22 May 2005 23:21:07 -0700 Previous post by: Mar 5, 10:53 pm Michael D. Sullivan Newsgroups: comp.dcom.telecom From: hanco...@bbs.cpcn.com - Find messages by this author Date: 5 Mar 2005 19:53:56 -0800 Local: Sat,Mar 5 2005 10:53 pm Subject: Corporate Identify -- Verizon vs. "Bell Telephone" As has been done for years, the regular telephone bill mailing contained an advertising insert for premium products and services. On a recent Verizon leaflet, at the bottom was a small line, "Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania". This was curious since that's a very old name that hasn't been used for years. Even in the Bell era, they shortened it to just "Bell of Pennsylvania". After divesture they became "Bell Atlantic", and IIRC they legally changed their name to that. Further, IIRC, their name change to Verizon was a legal name change as well, not just a marketing tool. So, I'm curious as to why they would use an old name on modern sales literature, esp when they're pushing their most modern high tech services. (They changed their name to Verizon specifically to sound high tech and not old fashioned with 'Bell Telephone'). The only thing I could think of is perhaps it's to distinguish this mailing for this state, and former Bell customers (as opposed to GTE customers). hanco...@bbs.cpcn.com Mar 6, 11:51 pm Newsgroups: comp.dcom.telecom From: Michael D. Sullivan <use...@camsul.example.invalid> - Find messages by this author Date: Mon, 07 Mar 2005 04:51:56 GMT Local: Sun,Mar 6 2005 11:51 pm Subject: Re: Corporate Identify -- Verizon vs. "Bell Telephone" In article <telecom24.9...@telecom-digest=AD.org>, hanco...@bbs.cpcn.com says: > As has been done for years, the regular telephone bill mailing > contained an advertising insert for premium products and services. > On a recent Verizon leaflet, at the bottom was a small line, > "Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania". > This was curious since that's a very old name that hasn't been used > for years. Even in the Bell era, they shortened it to just "Bell of > Pennsylvania". After divesture they became "Bell Atlantic", and IIRC > they legally changed their name to that. Further, IIRC, their name > change to Verizon was a legal name change as well, not just a > marketing tool. > So, I'm curious as to why they would use an old name on modern sales > literature, esp when they're pushing their most modern high tech > services. (They changed their name to Verizon specifically to sound > high tech and not old fashioned with 'Bell Telephone'). > The only thing I could think of is perhaps it's to distinguish this > mailing for this state, and former Bell customers (as opposed to GTE > customers). The various mergers and corporate name changes that have taken place over the last 20 years among the Bell companies have not, for the most part, changed the legal name of the operating company within each state. All of the Bell Atlantic companies use the Bell Atlantic name to do business, but the state operating companies all have individual names, auch as Bell Telephone Co. of Pa. I think some of them have changed their names, however. Most likely the reason for the old name appearing on the modern literature is a state PUC or statutory requirement that the actual name of the operating company be provided on marketing documents. This would be the name that appears on the tariff, as well. Michael D. Sullivan Bethesda, MD, USA Replace "example.invalid" with ".com". Gooja@Post.com May 22, 2005 Also since Verizon has a federal trademark on "Bell of Pennsylvania" they are also maintaining the right to use that name. This trademark could expire in 2007 or be cancelled unless they renew it. VERIZON has added the BELL Logo to all its new payphones outside its original market zones. It appears they are making further new use of the BELL name since many of the old Baby Bells have stopped using the name/logo(QUEST/SBC). A federal trademark can be considered abandoned after 2 years of non-use. It looks like VERIZON is being very wise about their use of the old name. Just printing the BELL Telephone name on a new bill does show current usage of the old trademark. And yes, there are still holding companies with the names NYNEX/NY Telephone/New England Telephone/BellAtlantic with current registered trademarks. VERIZON spent millions buying these trademarks --why let them lapse? We now have Pacific/Nevada Bell phones next to VERIZON BELL payphones in some areas of the WEST. These Pacific/Nevada Bell phones are slowly becoming SBC Nevada or SBC Pacific branded phones. I thought SBC would have complained after Verizon started using the old BELL logo on their new phones 3 years ago. SBC other than the SouthWestern BELL logo for telephone accessories does not use the BELL logo anywhere else recently. BELL SOUTH and Cincinnati BELL seem to care about keeping the old names. ------------------------------ From: slippymississippi@yahoo.com Subject: Packet8 DTMF Tones Sound "Clipped" Date: 23 May 2005 13:07:02 -0700 I have a service that renders text messaging into speech and forwards the messages to a phone number. The user then navigates the messages like a voice mail, using DTMF tones. One of my customers is using the Packet8 Virtual Office, and when my computer calls him to deliver the messages, he cannot navigate via DTMF. I hooked up a line analyzer and listened to the call, and all I'm hearing on my end is a "blip blip blip" as he repeatedly presses the key to save the message. The DTMF tone basically sounds like it was clipped at just a few milliseconds ... in fact, I really cannot discern if it's still a dual frequency tone or not. If he calls in from the Virtual Office, he can navigate our IVR just fine, it's just when our IVR calls him and asks for input that he experiences these problems. Is this related to the extreme compression that Packet8 uses? If so, why would it affect his inbound calls but not his outbound calls? TIA. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 12:43:18 EDT From: Telecom dailyLead from USTA <usta@dailylead.com> Subject: Wireless-services growth slows in Europe, Japan Telecom dailyLead from USTA May 23, 2005 http://www.dailylead.com/latestIssue.jsp?i=21785&l=2017006 TODAY'S HEADLINES NEWS OF THE DAY * Wireless-services growth slows in Europe, Japan BUSINESS & INDUSTRY WATCH * Telenor snaps up Swedish, Danish ISPs * Western Wireless fields offers for international assets * Alcatel names 21CN partners * Where does Qwest go from here? * Cablers fight to keep control of set-top boxes, features USTA SPOTLIGHT * See USTA's Small Company Summit Presentations Online -- Free HOT TOPICS * FCC approves stricter 911 rules for VoIP providers * Opinion: IPTV poised to change communications experience * The role of speed * Fast-growing IP services not yet profitable * Wireless renters and the battle to come EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES * Motorola unveils wireless BPL offering REGULATORY & LEGISLATIVE * Beating spammers in court Follow the link below to read quick summaries of these stories and others. http://www.dailylead.com/latestIssue.jsp?i=21785&l=2017006 Legal and Privacy information at http://www.dailylead.com/about/privacy_legal.jsp SmartBrief, Inc. 1100 H ST NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20005 ------------------------------ From: Tim@Backhome.org Subject: Re: Thinking About VOIP Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 03:27:51 -0700 Organization: Cox Communications John Levine wrote: >> I'm thinking about subscribing to one of the many VOIP services >> (Vonage, Callvantage, etc.) and have a few questions. >> Are any of these good enough to replace a POTS line? I'll be using it >> over Verizon's new Fios service. > I don't think so, but it depends what you expect from a POTS line. > None are as reliable as POTS, both because they depend on your ISP, > and router all working, and because they all have the occasional > flakeout. (Phone companies have spent the past 130 years learning how > to make phones reliable, so it's not surprising that it's taking a > while for VoIP to catch up.) Other than Packet8, none of them offer > real 911, so you'd best have a cell phone for emergencies that you > keep charged and working. Why would you recommend a cell phone for real 911? In California where I live 911 goes to the state highway patrol, which is useless unless you are on a state highway. And, wireless 911 doesn't have forced line hold or delivery of service address. If E911 is important, it seems the only game is wireline, and wireline provided by the primary LEC, not a cable company, or such. ------------------------------ From: Lou Jahn <LouJahn@comcast.net> Subject: Re: Thinking About VOIP Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 09:22:24 -0400 Organization: Info Partners Corp. William Cousert wrote: > I'm thinking about subscribing to one of the many VOIP services > (Vonage, Callvantage, etc.) and have a few questions. > Are any of these good enough to replace a POTS line? I'll be using it > over Verizon's new Fios service. > Where can I find a comparison of all the available services? I did a > quick google search and found nothing. > Do any of the services offer a discounted rate for a second or third > line? > Lingo seems to offer the most for the least amount of money. Are they > worth considering? I have been a VoicePulse user for some 9 plus months. One thing I noticed is unlike POTS, which provides duplex communications links (meaning both ends can talk/hear at the same time), my VOIP is simplex. This means if I start talking before the other side has ended their speaking they hear nothing I've said. The biggest disadvantage is noticed when participating in a conference calls, I cannot say anything until ALL other callers are quiet, which is not often. It causes me to carry the discussion back in time to add a point others thought were finished. Secondly, my experience with VoicePluse's tech support is not that good; they often do not fully read an email stating the problem and will respond asking for information already provided. The first time I did not respond immediately since I had already given them the requested information; they then declared the problem fixed even though they took zero action to address it. Overall, VOIP is fair to good, but I see it working only as an supplement to normal POTS. Lou Jahn Info Partners Corp ------------------------------ From: Klay Anderson <klay@klay.com> Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 08:42:01 -0600 Organization: Klay Anderson Audio, Inc. Subject: Re: Thinking About VOIP In article <telecom24.226.2@telecom-digest.org>, William Cousert <williamcousert@gmail.com> wrote: > I'm thinking about subscribing to one of the many VOIP services > (Vonage, Callvantage, etc.) and have a few questions. I switched to Vonage at home over DSL just to save US$ over Qwest. Vonage is not bad, but audio quality suffers slightly if you have a son that games and a daughter that shops iTunes. I am satisfied especially saving over US$40 per month and I am not disappointed with audio quality overall. Note the 911 issues in the press of late, however. Their customer "service" sucks. Plan to spend some time dealing with slow learners to get your account set up and activated. Do not anticipate replies to any emails you send and God forbid, you should get an answer to an actual mailed letter with questions to the CEO. Now I am not high maintanace, but I was looking into getting my 6 business lines changed over. It has been many months with no responses and it is very obvious that Vonage is great at the home level of you-get-what-you-pay-for service. They cannot cope with anthing else at this point. Just don't expect answers to your questions. Could be worse, could be Cingular ... Regards, Klay Anderson http://www.klay.com +801-942-8346 ------------------------------ From: Justin Time <a_user2000@yahoo.com> Subject: Re: Switch Identification Date: 23 May 2005 06:10:53 -0700 Ever thought of asking the cable provider what type of switch they use to provision their voice services? That to me would be the most logical first step. Much easier than attempting to guess what generated a tone. But then asking the provider is just too simple. [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Yes, but would you get someone who knew what they were talking about? _That_ to me is always the big question when dealing with CSRs. Sounds good, but can you believe them? PAT] ------------------------------ From: Mike Cater <cater@cdvill66e.org> Subject: Re: Switch Identification Date: Sun, 22 May 2005 22:21:11 -0400 Howard Eisenhauer <howarde@REMOVECAPShfx.eastlink.ca> wrote in message news:telecom24.227.6@telecom-digest.org: > On Sat, 21 May 2005 17:39:42 -0400, Mike Cater <cater@cdvill66e.org> > wrote: >> Recently I switched service providers for my POTS line. We used to be >> using a WECo 5ESS, with the older line cards (the better sounding >> ones!). I switched to a cable provider and obtained a landline through >> them. It's not VOiP. It is routed through the same switch I used to >> use but it's not homed from that switch. So obviously this makes >> finding the CLLI of the switch alot harder. >> To get to the point, while messing around with the switchhook I got a >> strange busy signal. It's 1600 Hz on for 0.5 seconds, off for 0.5 >> seconds. Here's a wav file of it: http://tinyurl.com/4dk34/busy.mp3 >> If you have any idea of what kind of switch this is, >> please advise! Thanks. > Obviously, while playing with the hook switch you managed to connect > to the gate shack at a construction site- that sound is quite > definately a '95 Mack 3 ton dump truck in the process of backing up > :). > H. Ha! Hopefully over a DMS 500! Which is what this switch turned out to be, after some mild detective work. When dialing 00 from my carrier (RCN Boston), there is an option to place a call and to pay by credit, calling card, collect or 3rd party. I asked which company they are and they would not tell me. So I called back and asked what type of calling cards do they accept, and she told me Global Crossing. Wow, that was easy! Now, a friend with VoicePulse VOiP asked me about a strange symptom on his Caller ID, that sometimes the numbers do not appear with hyphens. VoicePulse uses Global Crossing, but this same CID phenomenon was happening on our RCN Caller ID. So, now there is one more indication that RCN is reselling Global Crossing. Next, a quick jaunt through http://telcodata.us tells us that all Global Crossing calls in 508 are served out of one DMS500 in Boston. So in other words, the busy is that of a DMS 500. It's probably more of a dialing error tone than an actual busy, but it's still interesting. ------------------------------ From: Steve Sobol <sjsobol@JustThe.net> Subject: Re: Cingular / sms.ac Ripoff Alert Date: Sun, 22 May 2005 22:35:58 -0700 Organization: Glorb Internet Services, http://www.glorb.com mvl_groups_user@yahoo.com wrote: > For all who have had problems with this company, please file an FCC > complaint. The FCC has the power to levy severe fines on deceptive > marketing practices such as those of SMS.AC, but prioritizes their > efforts based on complaint volume. Actually you want the Federal TRADE commission, the FTC; not the FCC. The FCC has no such power. http://www.ftc.gov/ is the website. JustThe.net - Apple Valley, CA - http://JustThe.net/ - 888.480.4NET (4638) Steven J. Sobol, Geek In Charge / sjsobol@JustThe.net / PGP: 0xE3AE35ED "The wisdom of a fool won't set you free" --New Order, "Bizarre Love Triangle" ------------------------------ From: mc <mc_no_spam@uga.edu> Subject: Re: Why Does it Take So Long? Date: Sun, 22 May 2005 21:52:33 -0400 Organization: Speed Factory (http://www.speedfactory.net) In the magazine industry there is an old and mostly obsolete tradition of starting every subscription at the beginning of a volume (i.e., a year or half-year). Scholarly journals still normally do this. I don't know if that is what happened to you. ------------------------------ From: Koos van den Hout <koos+newsposting@kzdoos.xs4all.nl> Subject: Re: Forward Fax to Email Date: 23 May 2005 14:16:55 GMT Organization: http://idefix.net/~koos/ Jeremy <payday215@aol.com> wrote: > I currently have a fax number that is widely used by my clients. > Problem is that I get a ton of fax "spam" if you will. I am looking > for the BEST solution to have these faxes forwarded to e-mail, while > keeping my existing fax number since that is the one everyone knows > and uses. What I use on my fax number (the number is in my signature even) is a server running linux with the mgetty-sendfax software on a now somewhat aged PC. That software simply works for normal dialup access and for receiving faxes. On receiving a fax it sends the fax as an e-mail with attached images in something most modern software will understand. If anything unix-like is not your thing, there is probably software for windows that does the same. Koos van den Hout, PGP keyid RSA/1024 0xCA845CB5 via keyservers koos@kzdoos.xs4all.nl or DSS/1024 0xF0D7C263 -?) Fax +31-30-2817051 Camp Wireless, wireless Internet access /\\ http://idefix.net/~koos/ at campsites http://www.camp-wireless.org/ _\_V ------------------------------ From: hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com Subject: Re: Foreign Exchange (FX) Lines Still in Use? Date: 23 May 2005 07:34:47 -0700 Organization: http://groups.google.com Robert Bonomi wrote: > Autovon used "standard" Touch-tone phones. Ones with *all* the > buttons, including the 4th column of 4. It wasn't that way at my father's installation, an army arsenal and research center. [BTW, a "standard" Touch-Tone phones does not have the fourth column. Further, plenty of Touch Tone phones introduced in the early years had only 10 buttons, not 12. We had such a set at home.] Anyway, my father's installation was all rotary dial served by a cord switchboard dial (SxS) PBX accomodating several thousand extensions. The Autovon lines came in on trunks that were no different than the city trunks and were handled the same way. There were no special signals for priority calls or ways for priority handling. As mentioned, telephones were plain rotary. To reach Autovon they dialed 8 then the Autovon number. For their purposes, Autovon was merely a switching tie network to other govt installations. All incoming calls went through the PBX where the operators connected it to the desired extension. Because of the high volume of extensions, an extension itself didn't have an appearance, rather a dial trunk did. That is, if you wanted extension 7182, the operator plugged in the 7 row and dialed 182. I've seen other cord switchboards serving very large PBX set up in a similar fashion. ------------------------------ From: hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com Subject: Re: Tie Lines (was Re: Foreign Exchange (FX) Lines Still in Use? Date: 23 May 2005 07:55:32 -0700 > [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: > And _that_ is how City of Chicago came to have 312-744 for their > phones (but now, in 2005 they have not only 744, but 745, and 747 as > well.) PAT] The City of Philadelphia had a Centrex for as long as I can remember, MUnicipal 6-9700. During the bicennial they changed it to MU 6-1776. IIRC they used the whole MU 6 block. Despite that, not all phones were on Centrex and outsiders had to go through the City Hall operator (a 24 position 608 switchboard split into two sides of 12 positions each). The non-Centrex extensions had five digits and access codes were required to reach between five and four digit extensions. As to city offices in the field, such as libraries, local police stations, playgrounds, etc., some had MU 6 numbers but some had local neighborhood phone numbers. I could never figure out a pattern. In addition, the City had a full separate private PABX (private dial exchange) that was old. It mostly served police and fire stations and street call boxes, and hospital emergency room desks, not so much city offices. Its phones were immediately recognizable -- old AE sets with the nickel ornamentation and a ratty brown fabric coiled cord. That dated from when before radios and police and firemen used street callboxes to call in. (Street callboxes were not extended to newer postwar neighborhoods). I don't know when that system was removed from service -- I've seen in use in the 1970s. For street fire alarms, the city used call boxes. When the lever was pulled, a clockwork would generate a coded signal denoting the firebox. These were removed a few years ago. As kids, we were taught to know where the nearest callbox was to our homes and to wait there to direct the arriving firemen to the fire. They date from a time people didn't have phones or speak English, and lasted a lot longer than they needed to given universal telephone service. The City was slow converting to Touch Tone. In the early 1990s city telephone sets were still classic hardwired 500 sets with a nice printed MUnicipal 6- number card. Finally they went to Touch Tone, but plain 2500 sets. They added 685 as another Centrex to 686. The phone directory lists a lot more prefixes to reach various city offices today; I don't know how it is set up. I've read City Hall (an ancient huge building) originally had DC power and stayed with it until 1954, which was pretty late. In the early days of electric utilities, some places put out DC instead of AC. (There was a debate in the industry which was better and AC won out). Old catalogs of the 1920s and 1930s list products in both AC and DC versions. [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: City of Chicago used DC power (rather than AC) -- at least in the downtown area -- until sometime around 1930. That's at least one reason why there were so many WUTCO clocks everywhere, instead of 'regular' wall clocks. Clocks cannot run on direct current; they require alternating current at 60 cycles. The old city hall (Chicago) PBX on RANdolph 6-8000 had a _20_ position switchboard, broken in two parts also -- 10 positions in a rank along one wall, the other 10 positions along another wall. The only bigger switchboard I ever saw was the one at University of Chicago when I was working there, 1958-61 or so. It was 28 positions, but divided into three ranks of 13-13-2, a rank against each wall and the smaller group along a third wall. There were three groups of directory listed numbers; main campus was MIDway-3-0800 (with 2xxxx, 3xxx, and 4xxx extensions), hospitals were MUseum 4-6100 (5xxx, 6xxx) and the Computation Center and Fermi Institute, NORmal-7-4700 (8xxx). From 6 AM to 1 AM next day, they usually had at least 20 operators on duty, but in staggered shifts (a couple came in at 6 AM, a few more at 7 AM, etc.) By 11 PM when I got there, two or three women were left. They had all split by about 1 AM leaving me alone until when the day shift started coming in a few hours later. Volume of traffic was such at that time of night it did not warrant any more help. When something 'buzzed' (buzzers were turned off during the day, [just work from the light blinking at you] but turned on overnight, sort of a loud sound) I just walked over to the rank in question, plugged in my headset and did business. Along the fourth wall were desks for the chief operator and the clerk and the teletype machines and their clerk/caretaker. The teletype machne hardwired direct to the 'Kenwood Bell' central office (so named for the Bell central office at 61st Street and Kenwood Avenue which served our lines) was used for time and chargs coming in for long distance calls. The other one was hardwired to Western Union for incoming messages. Another big board was the one at Sears, Roebuck on State Street downtown (WABash-2-4600) which was a five position board, serving the department store and the credit offices upstairs. That one was busy also, it literally rocked around the clock; our at UC at least slowed down considerably during overnight hours. PAT] ------------------------------ From: NOTvalid@surplus4actors.INFO Subject: Re: Cingular / sms.ac Ripoff Alert Date: 23 May 2005 11:50:06 -0700 Organization: http://groups.google.com Big discussion at: http://www.mobiletracker.net/archives/2005/04/03/scam-spam-or-fun-sms.sc Regarding whois look-up below; 575 Eighth Avenue, 11th Floor New York NY 10018 US below would be near 36 Street. That is near where spammer to my wife's account is located, but when you go there, they deny connection. Results for sms.ac: IP Address: 66.240.237.100 Whois results from srv27.icb.co.uk: NIC Whois Server Version 3.5.1 (ICB plc) Domain Details SMS.AC (DOM-18363) SMS Inc. 7770 Regents Road Suite 113-405 San Diego CA 92122 US Created : October 25 2000. Expires : October 25 2009. Last Updated : April 22 2005. Billing Contact: NIC-14053 Admin Contact ============= (NIC-14053) Pousti, Michael SMS Corporation US Technical Contact ================= (NIC-1009) Reg/Billing Register.com 575 Eighth Avenue, 11th Floor New York NY 10018 US Nameservers =========== NS1.ASPADMIN.COM NS2.ASPADMIN.COM NS3.ASPADMIN.COM URL to this Cached Result: http://coolwhois.com/d/sms.ac/20050523133426 [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Is that the place you mentioned where you went to call on them and they denied any knowledge of anything to do with computers and spamming? ------------------------------ TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly but not exclusively to telecommunications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, Yahoo Groups, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. 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Any organizations listed are for identification purposes only and messages should not be considered any official expression by the organization. End of TELECOM Digest V24 #228 ****************************** | |