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TELECOM Digest Sun, 18 Sep 2005 16:50:00 EDT Volume 24 : Issue 426 Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson Technolodgy That Took on a Hurricane (Franklin Paul) Google to Put Copyright Laws to the Test (Anick Jesdanun) Record Labels Sue Baidu Over Copyright Infringement (Reuters NewsWire) Use of Bell Logo: Qwest, SBC? (Allen Newman) Re: Alternatives to LEC Voicemail (Tony P.) Re: Alternatives to LEC Voicemail (Dave Garland) Re: Alternatives to LEC Voicemail (William Warren) Re: When it Rains, it Pours .... (David L) Re: When it Rains, it Pours .... (Ed Clarke) You Need a New Computer (Fritz Messere) Telecom and VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) Digest for the Internet. All contents here are copyrighted by Patrick Townson and the individual writers/correspondents. Articles may be used in other journals or newsgroups, provided the writer's name and the Digest are included in the fair use quote. By using -any name or email address- included herein for -any- reason other than responding to an article herein, you agree to pay a hundred dollars to the recipients of the email. =========================== Addresses herein are not to be added to any mailing list, nor to be sold or given away without explicit written consent. Chain letters, viruses, porn, spam, and miscellaneous junk are definitely unwelcome. We must fight spam for the same reason we fight crime: not because we are naive enough to believe that we will ever stamp it out, but because we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands against crime. Geoffrey Welsh =========================== See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details and the name of our lawyer; other stuff of interest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From: Franklin Paul <pluggedin@telecom-digest.org> Subject: Technology That Took on a Hurricane Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 13:23:35 -0500 By Franklin Paul While big media covered the mass destruction brought by Hurricane Katrina with helicopter images and satellite weather maps, blogs have been telling stories with similar force, but on a much more personal level. Linking to the Internet's global computer network with a combination of old-school and newfangled technologies -- namely backyard diesel generators, mobile phones and stubborn will -- several web sites related often graphic first-hand accounts and snapshots. "Trees down everywhere. Neighbor (has) three trees on house. Southern yacht club burning to the ground," said the Gulfsails blog http://gulfsails.blogspot.com, launched by Troy Gilbert as a local sailing and boat racing resource that turned into a blow-by-blow of Katrina's effect on a New Orleans neighborhood. More and more, bloggers, who frequently post short messages on Internet Web Sites, are becoming an information source, particularly for fast developing stories in remote areas. Blogs gained prominence during the 2004 U.S. Presidential election, when conservative and liberal writers became regulars on the campaign trail. The audience for the narratives is growing. According to comScore Media Metrix, more than 1.7 million online searches were conducted on August 29 containing the words "Hurricane" and/or "Katrina," a more-than-tenfold increase over the daily average during the five days ending August 26. "Bloggers outside the area are doing their best to amplify the first-hand accounts," said Mark Crispin Miller, professor of media studies at New York University. Richard Lucic, a Duke University Computer Science professor, said the reports from the U.S. Gulf Coast region may have helped propel the acceptance of blogs, as well as podcasts, or audio files than can be recorded and listened to on a computer or digital music player, like Apple Computer Inc.'s popular iPod. "It adds immediacy and on-site appeal," he said. "What it does is brings it down to the human level since anybody can do it with a very small investment and no training." BLOGGING FROM A CITY UNDERWATER From a room crammed with dozens of racks of computer servers, cooling units, and wires, Michael Barnett, remained holed up in a downtown New Orleans high rise, posting to his "Survival of New Orleans" blog http://www.livejournal.com/users/interdictor while running a domain name registration and Web hosting service. He and his partners stayed connected when 80 percent of the city was underwater. "I can leave (but) I won't leave. My city is drowning and burning at the same time. We are the only Internet connection still alive in the city and we're going to stay here because our customers are counting on us," Barnett told Reuters via instant messenger from his post not far from the New Orleans Superdome. Key to his service's survival was a stockpile of food and water that the company kept on hand for weekly lunches, and most importantly, a massive generator installed for backup power. Local media also hosted blogs including WWL-TV http://www.wwltv.com/local/stories/WWLBLOG.ac3fcea.html and The New Orleans Times-Picayune's breaking news feed http://www.nola.com/newslogs/breakingtp/ which featured items about rising insurance rates, bodies found at a nearby hospital and free textbook given to displaced college students. At the blog Slimbolala, http://Slimbolala.blogspot.com/ a husband and father of two details the family's travels to Memphis -- away from the storm -- and decision to head back to the Gulf Coast. On Monday, He posted: "We just found out that the first floor of our house is chest deep in water." Later in the week, hoping to raise the spirits of those around him, he asked for blog readers to send in good -- or even bad -- jokes. More than a dozen did, including one from a Washington D.C.-based journalist about pirates who wear, ahem, "ARRRRgyle" socks. In Katrina's aftermath, the flood waters have begun to recede in New Orleans, but local blogs late this week continued to giving tidbits of information to those who had evacuated and detailing other unforseen health issues. "With everyone's swimming pools turning stagnant and fetid, the mosquitoes are becoming a major issue," the Gulfsails blogger wrote. "We need, in the least, to have ... pesticide spraying planes and/or chlorine. I really don't think it'd be such a good idea to have New Orleans turn into a malarial swamp again." Copyright 2005 Reuters Limited. NOTE: For more telecom/internet/networking/computer news from the daily media, check out our feature 'Telecom Digest Extra' each day at http://telecom-digest.org/td-extra/more-news.html . Hundreds of new articles daily. Also see headlines at http://telecom-digest.org/td-extra/nytimes.html ------------------------------ From: Anick Jesdanun <ap@telecom-digest.org> Subject: Google to Put Copyright Laws to the Test Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 13:28:30 -0500 By ANICK JESDANUN, AP Internet Writer Tony Sanfilippo is of two minds when it comes to Google Inc.'s ambitious program to scan millions of books and make their text fully searchable on the Internet. On the one hand, Sanfilippo credits the program for boosting sales of obscure titles at Penn State University Press, where he works. On the other, he's worried that Google's plans to create digital copies of books obtained directly from libraries could hurt his industry's long-term revenues. With Google's book-scanning program set to resume in earnest this fall, copyright laws that long preceded the Internet look to be headed for a digital-age test. The outcome could determine how easy it will be for people with Internet access to benefit from knowledge that's now mostly locked up - in books sitting on dusty library shelves, many of them out of print. "More and more people are expecting access, and they are making do with what they can get easy access to," said Brewster Kahle, co-founder of the Internet Archive, which runs smaller book-scanning projects, mostly for out-of-copyright works. "Let's make it so that they find great works rather than whatever just happens to be on the Net." To prevent the wholesale file-sharing that is plaguing the entertainment industry, Google has set some limits in its library project: Users won't be able to easily print materials or read more than small portions of copyright works online. Google also says it will send readers hungry for more directly to booksellers and libraries. But many publishers' remain wary. To endorse Google's library initiative is to say "it's OK to break into my house because you're going to clean my kitchen," said Sally Morris, chief executive of the U.K.-based Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers. "Just because you do something that's not harmful or (is) beneficial doesn't make it legal." Morris and other publishers believe Google must get their permission first, as it has under the Print Publisher Program it launched in October 2004, two months before announcing the library initiative. Under the publishers' program, Google has deals with most major U.S. and U.K. publishers. It scans titles they submit, displays digital images of selected pages triggered by search queries and gives publishers a cut of revenues from accompanying ad displays. But publishers aren't submitting all their titles under that program, and many of the titles Google wants to scan are out of print and belong to no publisher at all. Jim Gerber, Google's director of content partnerships, says the company would get no more than 15 percent of all books ever published if it relied solely on publisher submissions. That's why it has turned to libraries. Under the Print Library Project, Google is scanning millions of copyright books from libraries at Harvard, Michigan and Stanford along with out-of-copyright materials there and at two other libraries. Google has unilaterally set this rule: Publishers can tell it which books not to scan at all, similar to how Web site owners can request to be left out of search engine indexes. In August, the company halted the scanning of copyright books until Nov. 1, saying it wanted to give publishers time to compile their lists. Richard Hull, executive director of the Text and Academic Authors Association, called Google's approach backwards. Publishers shouldn't have to bear the burden of record-keeping, agreed Sanfilippo, the Penn State press's marketing and sales director. "We're not aware of everything we've published," Sanfilippo said. "Back in the 50s, 60s and 70s, there were no electronic files for those books." Google, which wouldn't say how many books it has scanned so far, says it believes its initiative is protected under the "fair use" provisions of copyright law. Gerber argues that the initiative will "stimulate more people to contribute to the arts and the sciences by making these books more findable." Washington lawyer Jonathan Band says Google's case is strong given the limits on display -- a few sentences at a time for works scanned from libraries, with technology making it difficult to recreate even a single page. "I don't see how making a few snippets of a work available to a user could have any negative impact on the market," said Band, who has advised library groups and Internet companies on copyright issues. Under Google's strictures, readers can see just five pages at a time of publisher-submitted titles -- and no more than 20 percent of an entire book through multiple searches. For books in the public domain, they can read the entire book online. Not all publishers are opposed. "For a typical author, obscurity is a far greater threat than piracy," said Tim O'Reilly, chief executive of O'Reilly Media and an adviser to Google's project. "Google is offering publishers an amazing opportunity for people to discover their content." James Hilton, associate provost and interim librarian at the University of Michigan, said his school is contributing 7 million volumes over six years because one day, materials that aren't searchable online simply won't get read. "That doesn't mean it's going to be read online, but it's not going to be found if it's not online," he said. Hal Hallstein, a 2003 Colby College graduate, said Google's project would have been useful for his studies in Buddhism. He typed the word "shunyata" -- Sanskrit for emptiness -- and found several books he didn't know existed. "The card catalog in my experience is rather limited in terms of the amount it really describes," he said. Nonetheless, as e-media coordinator at Wisdom Publications, he believes each publisher should be able to decide whether to join, as his company has. Much of the objections appear to stem from fears of setting a precedent that could do future harm to publishing. "If Google is seen as being permitted to do this without any response, then probably others will do it," said Allan Adler, a vice president at the Association of American Publishers. "You would have a proliferation of databases of complete copies of these copyrighted works." Publishers won't rule out a lawsuit against Google. The technology juggernaut, whose name is synonymous with online search, isn't just shaking up book publishing. Google has a separate project to archive television programs but has so far received limited permissions. The company also faces lawsuits over facilitating access to news resources and porn images online. Jonathan Zittrain, an Internet legal scholar affiliated with Oxford and Harvard universities, says the book-scanning dispute comes down balancing commercial and social benefits. "From the point of view of the publishers, you can't blame them for playing their role, which is to maximize sales," he said. "But if fair use wasn't found, (Google) would never be able to do the mass importation of books required to make a database that is socially useful." On the Net: http:print.google.com Anick Jesdanun can be reached at netwriter(at)ap.org Copyright 2005 The Associated Press. NOTE: For more telecom/internet/networking/computer news from the daily media, check out our feature 'Telecom Digest Extra' each day at http://telecom-digest.org/td-extra/more-news.html . Hundreds of new articles daily. Also see news at http://telecom-digest.org/td-extra/othernews.html ------------------------------ From: Reuters News Wire <reuters@telecom-digest.org> Subject: Record Labels Sue Baidu for Copyright Infringement Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 13:25:52 -0500 The four largest record companies have sued Baidu.com Inc. for copyright infringement, alleging the Chinese Internet search engine has been illegally providing links to free digital music downloads, according to a trade group the represents the music industry. Universal Music Group, EMI Group Plc and Warner Music Group Corp. filed their suits in July in Beijing to stop Baidu from providing those links, a spokesman for the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry said. Sony BMG Music Entertainment filed its suit earlier this month. The music industry has been cracking down on piracy, one of its largest costs. It recently won a landmark decision against Grokster, a peer-to-peer network that allowed users to download music from one another without permission from the artists. The Baidu case is believed to be different, since the search engine is providing links to sites that offer illegal downloads. Baidu, known as the Chinese Google, lost nearly a third of its market value earlier this week after two of the investment banks that managed the company's initial public offering said the stock price was overblown. Copyright 2005 Reuters Limited. NOTE: For more telecom/internet/networking/computer news from the daily media, check out our feature 'Telecom Digest Extra' each day at http://telecom-digest.org/td-extra/more-news.html . Hundreds of new articles daily. ------------------------------ From: Allen Newman <anewmanagn@excite.com> Subject: Use of Bell Logo: Qwest? SBC? Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 15:15:38 -0500 Trademarks must remain in use to remain legally protected, so I'm curious where and how Qwest ("my" Baby Bell) uses the Bell logo, if at all. In most cases Qwest has eliminated it since merging with US West. You can still make out the shadow of a Bell logo removed from the wall of a Qwest building in Ankeny, Iowa, for example. Last night on the way to a wedding reception I saw a Bell logo that Qwest hasn't gotten rid of: a wooden pay phone kiosk inside the south entrance of the Sioux Falls VFW Lounge still has a Bell sign on top, with the blue Bell logo to the left of the word "phone". Except for Qwest signs tacked to the sides of the kiosk it looked a couple decades old. Does Qwest affixing new signs without taking down the Bell sign count as current use for trademark purposes? It seems better than the example Qwest filed with the USPTO in 2003, which was a couple photos of a US West payphone kiosk, which didn't even have the Qwest identity. Even without the logo, Qwest does try to connect less obviously to the Bell identity. Its Dex phone book is still blue and gold, the Qwest logotype is in the Gill Sans font which has also been the corporate font of AT&T (although the Bell System used Helvetica), and their current slogan is "Spirit of Service", a long-time Bell System motto. Arguably, Qwest's blue swoosh logo echos the circular blue Bell logo -- or would, at least, clash with it if the Bell logo were also present. Has anyone ever seen an example of Qwest intentionally adding the Bell logo to anything anywhere? I wonder what they'll come up with when their next trademark filing is due. The other RBOCs have filed their own claims of Bell logo usage: In 2002, SBC submitted a photo of a white service truck with blue and gold stripes and Southwestern Bell Telephone markings. Do their trucks still look like that? It's about as convincing as Qwest's US West phone booth. It'll be interesting to learn what SBC does with branding after their purchase of AT&T. Also in 2002, Verizon submitted photos of new Verizon service trucks and pay phones featuring the Bell logo. IMO Verizon has cleverly dealt with the Bell logo "problem", that is, keeping it alive and meaningful but not letting it compete with their own created identity. Finally, both of the Baby Bells that don't use the Bell logo themselves license Bell names and logos to equipment manufacturers. Qwest licenses Northwestern Bell to Unical and SBC licenses Southwestern Bell to Conair. This despite Northwestern Bell and Southwestern Bell no longer being names Qwest or SBC use themselves, and the fact that while Qwest and SBC sell phone equipment on their websites, it's not their licensed Bell-branded equipment. Bell logo trademark registrations can be found by searching for design code 220324 260101 at the USPTO. ------------------------------ From: Tony P. <kd1s@nospamplease.cox.reallynospam.net> Subject: Re: Alternatives to LEC Voicemail Organization: ATCC Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 11:20:07 -0400 In article <telecom24.425.4@telecom-digest.org>, richgr@panix.com says: > In article <telecom24.424.5@telecom-digest.org>, > <ed.gehringer@gmail.com> wrote: >> My LEC has hiked their rates again for voicemail, bringing the total >> to $10.50/mo. + tax. I'm fed up with paying 50% more for this service >> than I did a few years ago. So I want to investigate alternatives. > Why not a $10-20 answering machine? Many have remote accessing. The > only thing it can't do is answer if you are on the phone, but thats > what call waiting is for. > Rich Greenberg Marietta, GA, USA richgr atsign panix.com + 1 770 321 6507 > Eastern time. N6LRT I speak for myself & my dogs only. VM'er since CP-67 > Canines:Val, Red & Shasta (RIP),Red, husky Owner:Chinook-L > Atlanta Siberian Husky Rescue. www.panix.com/~richgr/ Asst Owner:Sibernet-L There is one thing that voice mail can do that answering machines can't. They can take a message while you're on a call. ------------------------------ From: Dave Garland <dave.garland@wizinfo.com> Subject: Re: Alternatives to LEC Voicemail Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 10:34:54 -0500 Organization: Wizard Information It was a dark and stormy night when ed.gehringer@gmail.com wrote: > Or, I could use software like AnswerMyPhone or EZVoice. If I do so, I > will need a voice modem in my computer. Am I correct in assuming that > most modems that come with PCs are not voice modems? These days, most internal modems are voice modems. Consumer-grade computers often come with voicemail software. And if yours isn't a voice modem, you can probably replace it for as little as US$20. Of course, you will need to leave your computer running, and *possibly* turn off powersaver sleep/suspend/hibernate functions (or fiddle with BIOS settings to make sure the modem can wake up the computer). ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 12:31:45 -0400 From: William Warren <william_warren_nonoise@comcast.net> Subject: Re: Alternatives to LEC Voicemail Rich Greenberg wrote: > In article <telecom24.424.5@telecom-digest.org>, > <ed.gehringer@gmail.com> wrote: >> My LEC has hiked their rates again for voicemail, bringing the total >> to $10.50/mo. + tax. I'm fed up with paying 50% more for this service >> than I did a few years ago. So I want to investigate alternatives. > Why not a $10-20 answering machine? Many have remote accessing. The > only thing it can't do is answer if you are on the phone, but thats > what call waiting is for. Why not simply turn it off? Unless you're using it for a business, the chances are you can simply do without. If someone _wants_ to talk to you, they'll call back. If they're offended by the thought of having to do so, well, that's a kind of signal, isn't it? Really, I may be a luddite, but I can't help but wonder where and when we all got the notion that we are entitled to demand that our relatives and friends keep track of our calendar, or where and when we agreed to keep track of theirs. Think about it: if talking to you is important to _me_, why should I be entitled to put _you_ in charge of making it happen? Isn't it _my_ job to make it happen? Answering machines, and Voice Mail services, are agressively marketed and promoted by the phone companies because they're a win-win-win - not for you, but for your telephone company: - They_ get to charge for a call that wouldn't have been answered otherwise - They_ get to use fewer trunks and smaller exchanges because there are fewer unsuccessful call attempts - They_ get to collect money from you for buying machines or renting services. What, I wonder, do _you_ get? Another task on _your_ schedule? Another intrusion into _your_ life? Another obligation that _you_ didn't agree to accept? We've all gotten too good at wasting each others' time; at "external- izing" the responsibility for what used to be common civility. What's wrong with a busy signal? Since when did people forget that a busy signal or an unanswered call _is_ a message? William P.S. Call waiting isn't the answer: it only works when _you_ are on the phone, and when an answering machine is on the line, all it does is interrupt the message being recorded with beep tones that tell you someone else tried to ring you. (Filter noise from my address for direct replies) [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Generally you do not order call-waiting on a line in a multiple line hunt group; nor on a line equipped with 'forward on busy', as call-waiting requires that a line be -truly busy- in order to work. In my instance, if the line is in use, calls are automatically forwarded to my cell phone (which if no answer after a few rings or otherwise it is busy goes to voicemail. If the line does not get answered after 3-4 rings, calls go the same route, to cell phone and then as needed to voicemail. PAT] ------------------------------ From: David L <davlindi@hotmail.com> Subject: Re: When it Rains, it Pours .... Date: 18 Sep 2005 01:25:54 -0700 Organization: http://groups.google.com If you let us know how to find a Paypal account for "new computer" perhaps a few donations would help you get closer to the goal of a new laptop. I'd ship in a little. We have not been in contact before, but I read and post to your newsgroup on occaision. Cheaper and more fun than a subscription to Telco/wireless news! Anyway, read about your computer problems and it was funny ... I'm on my very first computer (used Webtv before) and no matter how experienced one is, there always seems to be problems just beyond one's abilities. I think it's time to get a new computer ... then all your problems will go away:) Well, the old one's anyway. I'd chip in a little. Think you should post a little note to the group, for a small donation for a computer fund. Or big ... big donations are good too:) Paypal would be easy for me. What's your account name? Regards, Dave Lind greenjeensus@yahoo.com TELECOM Digest Editor wrote: > All my equipment here is rapidly disintegrating ... both working laptps are > now gone. I cannot get either of them up and running. The hard drive > totally went out on one, and the other one as of Saturday night started > giving this message: > Native Audio Initialization Error > The Wave Task Manager (nspmm.dll) is not available. > Wave Services Will be Disabled. > Then a click box with the single option OK. > I click 'OK' then a second error message comes up immediatly following > EXPLORER: This program has performed an illegal > operation and will be shut down. If the problem > persists, contact the program vendor. > There is a choice of OK or 'Details' and 'details' gives me a hex dump. > 'OK' on the other hand is accepted but the desktop never comes up, and none > of the keyboard works any further at that point ... ever ... > This is a very old IBM Think Pad model 770-ED, probably from 1994-95. > I have tried to re-install Win 98 SE but have been unable to figure > out how to get the BIOS to look at and accept the CD drive rather than > the hard drive. I do start up with F1 and get the BIOS screen, and > attempt to put the CD as the first choice, but it does not accept > that; and continues to attempt to load from the hard drive. > I was able to google 'nspmm.dll' and have found out _how_ to get rid > of the Intel thing which came built in this old Think Pad, but since > no Win 98 desktop ever comes up, I cannot get to the Device Manager to > get rid of the Intel thing. > Any help or advice gratefully accepted, and if _anyone_ has a slightly > older, used laptop they would be willing to donate to the Digest (or > sell me at a reasonable price, please let me know. > PAT [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Thanks for the offer of help, Dave. The PayPal account is 'editor@telecom-digest.org' for you or anyone who wishes to contribute to the 'computer fund'. PAT] ------------------------------ From: Ed Clarke <clarke@cilia.org> Subject: Re: When it Rains, it Pours .... Reply-To: clarke@cilia.org Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 09:08:45 -0400 In comp.dcom.telecom, you wrote: > I have tried to re-install Win 98 SE but have been unable to figure > out how to get the BIOS to look at and accept the CD drive rather than > the hard drive. I do start up with F1 and get the BIOS screen, and > attempt to put the CD as the first choice, but it does not accept > that; and continues to attempt to load from the hard drive. Patrick, My new Thinkpad requires me to hit F12 before boot. This brings up a secondary menu that permits selection of the boot device. One of the options is CD-ROM. I see several references to "Press and hold F12..." to get that menu up. Search google for thinkpad 770 "boot menu" F12 Good luck! Ed [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: On the older Think Pads (models 770 or 770x at least) F1 at time of booting brings up a BIOS menu and a choice of options i.e. boot from CD, from hard drive, from floppy (and other choices I do not understand, such as from 'network', from 'PCMCIA card' and other places. Exactly how one boots from 'network' or from 'PCMCIA card' when those devices do not come to life until Windows turns them on confuses me. But I will google your suggestion above for myself and see what it has to say. PAT] ------------------------------ From: Fritz Messere <messere@oswego.edu> Subject: You Need a New Computer Date: Sun, 18 Sep 2005 12:41:05 -0400 Pat: The explorer thing has been going on for some time. Time to look at a MAC ... better operating system and more fun too. Fritz Messere Communication Studies Department Chair and Professor of Broadcasting and Telecommunications State University of New York at Oswego (office) 315.312.2357 (fax) 315.312.5658 http://www.oswego.edu/~messere [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: If anyone has an older Apple MACintosh, I'd not mind giving that a try and see where I could get with it. The other thing I have considered -- but have not yet been brave enough to try is to go with Linux on the laptop. You see, on my larger desktop computer I have Red Hat Linux (version 7 something) on a partition; when I boot the larger machine, it defaults to Linux _unless_ I tell it to go to Win 2000 instead. I'd not mind going entirely with Linux if I were assured I could get some of my software working correctly. I do NOT need chat windows and all that; but I do need to have X-Windows working correctly. Ditto with any MAC, which would also be a new experience for me. I'd like to be able to get a couple cameras working with no hassles, something similar to to XWindows, and the network configurations correct, etc. And I have seen a couple commercials on television for Dell, with desktop prices of around $499, but I know those would most likely be Win XP, which is okay, I suppose. But with Dell, the new laptops seem to cost more. Good ideas, in any case. If anyone wants to contribute to a 'computer fund' please remember the PayPal account: editor@telecom-digest.org , or if you have some older machine you no longer want donations will also be gratefully accepted. PAT] ------------------------------ TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly to telecomm- unications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, Yahoo Groups, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. 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Any organizations listed are for identification purposes only and messages should not be considered any official expression by the organization. End of TELECOM Digest V24 #426 ****************************** | |